Methylamine(CAS#74-89-5)
Pilikia a palekana
| Nā Code Risk | R12 – Pahu loa R20 – Poino ma ka inhalation R37/38 – E hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻōnaehana hanu a me ka ʻili. R41 – Ka pilikia o ka poino nui i na maka R34 - Ke kumu o ke kuni R20/22 – He pōʻino ma ka inhalation a inā ale ʻia. R11 – Hiki ke ahi R39/23/24/25 - R36/37/38 – Hoʻonanea i ka maka, ka ʻōpū hanu a me ka ʻili. R23/24/25 – He mea make ma ka inhalation, pili me ka ili a ina e ale. R40 - Nā hōʻike liʻiliʻi o ka hopena carcinogenic R19 - Hiki ke hana i nā peroxide pahū |
| Ka wehewehe palekana | S7 – Paʻa paʻa ka ipu. S16 – E hoʻokaʻawale i nā kumu hoʻā. S26 – Inā pili me nā maka, e holoi koke me ka wai nui a e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo kino. S36/37 – E hoʻohana i nā lole pale kūpono a me nā mīkina lima. S45 – Inā loaʻa ka pōʻino a i ʻole ka maikaʻi ʻole, e ʻimi koke i ka ʻōlelo aʻo kino (e hōʻike i ka lepili inā hiki.) S29 – Mai hoʻokahe i loko o nā kahawai. S36/37/39 – E hoʻohana i nā lole pale kūpono, nā mīkina lima a me ka pale maka/maka. S3/7 - S3 - E mālama i kahi anuanu. S39 - Hoʻohana i ka pale maka / maka. S33 - E mālama i nā hana e pale aku ai i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana. |
| UN ID | UN 3286 3/PG 2 |
| WGK Kelemānia | 2 |
| RTECS | PF6300000 |
| NUI FLUKA BRAND F | 4.5-31 |
| TSCA | ʻAe |
| HS Code | 29211100 |
| Papa Hazard | 3 |
| Hui Pūʻulu | II |
| Kaʻawaʻawa | LD50 waha i nā ʻiole: 100-200 mg/kg (Kinney); LC50 i nā ʻiole: 0.448 ml/l (Sarkar, Sastry) |
ʻIkepili
| mea kino kemika | ʻO ka methylamine, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo methylamine a me aminomethane, he mea koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi kemika a me nā mea waena, ma ka lumi wela a me ke kaomi o ka lewa no ke kinoea flammable colorless, kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, me kahi ʻala amonia ikaika. ʻala iʻa ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol, etera. Maʻalahi e puhi, hana i kahi hui pahū me ka ea, palena pahū: 4.3% ~ 21%. Loaʻa nā alkaline nāwaliwali, alkaline ma mua o ka amonia, a me ka waiʻawaʻawaʻawaʻawa e hana i nā paʻakai hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. Hoʻopili ʻia ia mai ka methanol a me ka amonia ma lalo o ka hana o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka catalyst, a hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka hoʻomehana formaldehyde a me ka ammonium chloride i 300 ℃ ma lalo o ka hana o ka zinc chloride. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Methylamine i ka hana ʻana i nā pesticides, pharmaceuticals, rubber vulcanization accelerators, dyes, explosives, ili, petroleum, surfactants, ion exchange resins, paint strippers, coatings and additives. He mea waiwai nui ia no ka hana ʻana i ka pesticide Dimethoate, carbaryl a me chlordimeform. Methylamine inhalation toxicity haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka palena kiʻekiʻe i ʻae ʻia i ka lewa 5mg/m3(0.4ppm). ʻAiʻino, hoʻonāukiuki i ka maka, ka ʻili a me ka mucous membranes. I ka hihia o ka lapalapa ʻana, aia ka pilikia o ka puhi ʻana i ka wela nui, a ʻo ka pōʻino i nā cylinders a me nā mea hoʻohui e pahū. |
| Kokua mua no ka make | ʻO ka methylamine kahi papa ʻawaʻawa me ka huhū ikaika a me ka corrosivity. I ke kaʻina hana a i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana, ma muli o ka leaka ʻole, e hoʻopili ai i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka lāʻau make. Hiki ke inhaled i kēia huahana ma o ka ʻōpū hanu, hiki ke komo i ka ʻili ma ka ʻili, a hiki ke ʻona i ka paʻakai ma ka ʻai ʻole ʻia. He hopena hoʻoulu ikaika kēia huahana i nā maka, ka ʻōpū hanu kiʻekiʻe, ka ʻili a me ka mucosa. Hiki ke hoʻopōʻino i ke akemāmā. Hiki i nā hihia koʻikoʻi ke kumu i ka edema pulmonary, ka maʻi ʻeha hanu a me ka make. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia nā hihia o ka ʻona ʻōnaehana ma ka home a ma waho. ʻO nā pūhui methylamine wai ka ikaika a me ka ʻinoʻino, hiki ke hoʻopau i ka maka a me ka ʻili. Hiki i ka 40% methylamine aqueous solution ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha o ka maka, photophobia, nā waimaka, Conjunctival Congestion, ka pehu ʻana o ka lihilihi, ka edema corneal a me ka ʻeha superficial, hiki ke mau nā hōʻailona no 1 a 2 mau pule. ʻO ka ʻike lōʻihi i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā pūhui methylamine, hiki ke ʻike i nā maka maloʻo, ihu, ʻāʻī a me ka ʻeha. [nā hana kōkua mua] i ka wā e pili ai ka ʻili, e wehe koke i nā lole i haumia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi me ka nui o ka wai kahe, 0.5% citric acid e holoi i ka ʻili, nā mucous membranes a me nā gargles. i ka wā e haumia ai nā maka, pono e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia nā lihilihi, holoi ʻia me ka wai kahe a i ʻole ka paʻakai no ka liʻiliʻi o 15 mau minuke, a laila nānā ʻia e ka fluorescein staining. Inā loaʻa ka ʻeha o ka ʻāʻī, pono e nīnau i kahi ophthalmologist. no ka poʻe i komo i ke kinoea monomethylamine, pono lākou e haʻalele koke i ke kahua a neʻe i kahi me ka ea hou e mālama ʻole ai ka ʻōpū hanu. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka dyspnea o nā maʻi i ka inhalation oxygen, ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, ua hoʻouna ʻia ka mea maʻi i ka haukapila no ka mālama pilikia. |
| kumu | hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumu kūlohelohe kumu no ka pesticide, pharmaceutical, textile a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wai gel explosive. hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka solvent a me ka refrigerant hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumu kūlohelohe kūlohelohe kumu, hoʻohana ʻia i ka pesticide, pharmaceutical, textile a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka surfactant, polymerization inhibitors a me nā solvents, hoʻohana pū ʻia i ka synthesis organik a me ka paʻi ʻana a me ka ʻoihana dyeing. no ka hana ʻana i nā pesticides maikaʻi, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea ʻala, nā mea ʻala, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a no ka electrolysis, electroplating monomethylamine he mea nui aliphatic amine organic chemical raw material, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā pesticides, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e synthesize N- methyl chloroacetamide, ʻo ia ka mea waena o ka organophosphorus insecticide dimethoate a me ka omethoate; monocrotophos waena α-chloroacetylmethanamine; ʻO Carbamoyl chloride a me ka methyl isocyanate ma ke ʻano he waena o nā insecticides carbamate; A me nā ʻano pesticide ʻē aʻe e like me ka monoformamidine, Amitraz, benzenesulfonon, etc. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka lāʻau, nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā ʻoihana ʻili a me nā mea photosensitive. Loaʻa i ka methylamine ka nui o nā noi ʻoihana. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Methylamine e like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau (activation, caffeine, ephedrine, etc.), pesticide (carbaryl, dimethoate, chloramidine, etc.), dye (alizarin intermediate, anthraquinone intermediate, etc.), explosive and fuel (water gel explosive, monomethhydrazine). , etc.), surfactants, accelerators, a me nā mea maka e like me nā mea kōkua lāʻau, nā kemika kiʻi a nā mea hoʻoheheʻe. He mea waena no ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu agrochemical a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hana ʻana o N-methylpyrrolidone (solvent). |
| hana hana | ma ka ʻoihana, hoʻohui ʻia ka methylamine mai ka methanol a me ka amonia i ka wela kiʻekiʻe ma o ka mea hoʻololi i hoʻolako ʻia i kekahi manawa me kahi catalyst alumina i hoʻoikaika ʻia, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i pau ka hopena methylation ma ke kahua monomethylamine, no laila e hoʻohui ʻia ka monomethylamine, dimethylamine a me trimethylamine. E hoʻomalu i ka lakio o ka methanol a me ka amonia, ka nui o ka amonia, a hoʻohui i ka wai a me ka holo ʻana o ka trimethylamine e kūpono i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka methylamine a me ka dimethylamine, i ka manawa o ka nui o ka amonia he 2.5 mau manawa o ka methanol, ʻo ka wela o ka hopena he 425 deg C, i ka manawa o ka hopena. ʻO ke kaomi he 2.45MPa, he amine hui ʻia o 10-12% o ka monomethylamine, 8-9% o hiki ke loaʻa ka dimethylamine a me 11-13% o ka trimethylamine. Ma muli o ka hana ʻana o ka trimethylamine i kahi azeotrope me ka amonia a me nā methylamine ʻē aʻe ma ke kaomi o ka lewa, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā huahana hopena e ka hui ʻana o ka distillation kaomi a me ka distillation extractive. Ma muli o ka hana ʻana o ka 1t hui ʻia me ka methylamine, 1500kg o ka methanol a me 500kg o ka ammonia wai e pau. Wahi a nā moʻolelo palapala pili, ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ratio o ka methanol a me ka amonia he ala kūpono e loaʻa ai ka huahana i makemake ʻia, methanol a me ammonia ratio o 1:1.5 ʻo ia nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka trimethylamine, methanol a me ammonia ratio o 1:4. nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka methylamine. Nui nā ʻano hana o ka monomethylamine, akā hoʻohana nui ʻia ka methanol amination i ka ʻoihana. CH3OH + NH3 → CH3NH2 + H2O2CH3OH + NH3 →(CH3)2NH + 2H2O3CH3OH + NH3 →(CH3)3N + 3H2O mai ka methanol a me ka amonia ma ka ratio o 1: 1.5~4, ma lalo o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ka pae kinoea hoʻomau. Catalytic amination hoʻokō 'ia ma ka hoʻohana 'ana i alumina e like me ka catalyst, Ka hui Hoʻokumu ʻia ka huahana crude o mono-, di-a me trimethylamine, a laila hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka distillation kaomi mau ma o ke ʻano o nā kolamu distillation, condensed a deammoniated a maloʻo e loaʻa nā huahana mono-, di-a me trimethylamine. |
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